The Sacred Texts and Scriptures that Shaped Dravidian Architecture
Dravidian architecture is not just a matter of bricks and mortar; it is a deeply spiritual practice that is guided by a rich body of sacred texts and scriptures. These texts, which have been passed down through generations, provide detailed instructions on the design, construction, and symbolism of Hindu temples.
The Vastu Shastras: The Science of Architecture
The Vastu Shastras are a collection of ancient Indian texts on architecture. They provide a comprehensive guide to all aspects of building, from the selection of a site to the placement of doors and windows. Two of the most important Vastu Shastras for Dravidian architecture are the Mayamata and the Manasara shilpa. These texts, which are estimated to have been in circulation by the 5th to 7th centuries CE, provide detailed instructions on the design, construction, sculpture, and joinery techniques of the Dravidian style.
The Agamas: The Unseen Foundation
The Agamas are a collection of Tamil and Sanskrit scriptures that are considered to be the ultimate authority on all matters of Hindu religion and philosophy. They provide detailed instructions on temple construction, the creation of idols, the worship of deities, and the practice of yoga. The Agamas are non-Vedic in origin and are believed to be either post-Vedic or pre-Vedic compositions.
Other Important Texts
Other important texts that have influenced Dravidian architecture include:
- The Isanasivagurudeva paddhati: This 9th-century text describes the art of building in South and Central India.
- The Brihat-samhita: This 6th-century Sanskrit manual by Varahamihira describes the design and construction of Nagara style Hindu temples, but it also contains valuable information about Dravidian architecture.
These sacred texts and scriptures are the unseen foundation of Dravidian architecture. They have guided the hands of countless architects and artisans for centuries, and they continue to inspire and inform the construction of Hindu temples to this day.